Sum bands are more commonly observed than difference bands in vibrational spectra
2.
A difference transition, or difference band, occurs between excited states of two different vibrations.
3.
Since the initial state of a difference band is always an excited state, difference bands are necessarily " hot bands ".
4.
Since the initial state of a difference band is always an excited state, difference bands are necessarily " hot bands ".
5.
However the term " difference band " also applies to cases where more than one quantum is transferred, such as 100 ?! 020.
6.
For difference bands involving transfer of a single quantum of excitation, as in the example, the frequency is approximately equal to the difference between the fundamental frequencies.
7.
Difference bands are seldom observed in conventional vibrational spectra, because they are forbidden transitions according to harmonic selection rules, and because populations of vibrationally excited states tend to be quite low.
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